Saturday, March 2, 2013

Juan Rodriguez's Rock 'n' Roll Life: Part 7 of 7 - The sound of ...

Longtime Gazette contributor Juan Rodriguez has enjoyed a vantage point on rock ?n? roll that few listeners ? or even critics ? have experienced. Before the music industry became a well-oiled machine, he found himself with enviable access to some of the biggest names to pass through Montreal, as well as some of the city?s brightest stars. In this weekly series, he looks back at the moments that stand out in his career.

MONTREAL - The big touring event of 1988 was Human Rights Now!, a benefit for Amnesty International, starring Bruce Springsteen, Peter Gabriel, Sting, Tracy Chapman and Youssou N?Dour, brought to you by the concerned folks at Reebok (which ?lets U B U?).

I was suspicious of rockers promoting their careers as do-gooders, so I wrote an opinion piece for the Toronto Star (Rock Aid Concerts: Social Conscience or Smug Exploitation?). I brought out the hammer. A few morsels:

?The rock stars got what they wanted ? an image of worldly concerned citizens, immune from the barbs of critics, an image that helps sell records filled with the latest rock-pop pap. The occasional ?protest? song is so lamely written and buried in high-tech production values that it is savoured like apple pie and ice cream. ... The Live Aid benefit treated fans to an all-star marathon in which Led Zeppelins reuniting meant more to couch potatoes than Ethiopia. When Sally Field arrived with taped spiels on hunger, viewers could rush to the toilet and grab more beer and pretzels.

?We Are the World set the tone for today?s ?protest? style. By blithely avoiding the stomach-turning thought of famine in breezy All You Need Is Love fashion, it was embraced as an ?America first? ditty.?

And so it went. The piece was published the day before Amnesty hit the Olympic Stadium. The morning of the show, I received a frantic call from a Toronto Star editor saying a wire story reported that Sting and Gabriel had issued statements demanding an apology, suggesting they would boycott future Toronto shows. The horror, the horror! (Never mind that this seemed to contradict Amnesty?s principles of freedom of speech.) The editor asked me to attend the show and report on any onstage announcements regarding the piece.

Damn ? the first show I?d covered in eight peaceful years, and I?d have to sit through the whole thing!

The concert was sold out, but I managed to procure a ticket from a scalper ($40) and proceeded to search for the press box. A Reebok rep attended to my case, assuring me that although he disagreed with my piece, he thought I was well intentioned, that maybe Sting and Gabriel were overreacting in the heat of the moment. Arriving at the box, I glanced around for the usual suspects on the rock beat. Apparently, there weren?t any. ?Geez,? I thought, ?there?s been a big turnover since I quit the scene.? I began taking notes, back in the saddle yet again, not wanting to foul up. The show moved as slowly as an elephant, each act performing close to a full set. I found it strange that no star said anything on stage about Amnesty, political dissidents, dictatorships, etc. Between sets, as paying customers lined up to take a leak or a brew, the giant screen flashed commercials for Amnesty that nobody was paying any attention to.

Another funny thing: the press box seemed very well heeled ? folks in pressed designer jeans, Reebok T-shirts and bomber jackets. Smoked salmon canap?s made the rounds. When someone asked me if everything was to my liking, I replied, ?Where am I?? Answer: ?The Reebok box.? I asked to go to the press box. ?We can?t let you go there ? you?re lucky enough to be here.?

Lucky? Lucky enough to know what I wasn?t missing. Rock was just another big business in the ?80s, an era drunk on big biz.

In 1989 I moved to Berkeley to visit an old flame. Across the San Francisco Bay, it was a city of sunshine 315 days a year where tie-dye T-shirts and holistic therapies were hawked on Telegraph Ave.

A neighbour was Robert Hurwitt, then theatre critic and an editor at the East Bay Express, a weekly known as a writers? paper. Which meant concert reviews, not being overnight assignments, allowed the writer to go long (up to 1,800 words). Thus I started reviewing the odd concert, almost at random (from Skid Row to Isaac Hayes to the Modern Jazz Quartet). Of two shows I saw within 48 hours, I began, ?Let me count the ways that Wayne Newton and Genesis are alike.?

Of course, you could not fully experience the Bay Area without seeing the Grateful Dead. The Dead?s first Top 10 hit, Touch of Grey, was the song I heard when I entered my local 7-Eleven for the first time. Jaunty as hell, about aging gratefully: ?Every silver lining?s got a touch of grey ... I will get by, I will get by, I will get by-eye-eye-eye.? So I asked to review them.

?What?s the Dead?s appeal?? I asked Mark Weinstein, manager of the amazingly huge and diverse Amoeba Records store. Wearing a wildly coloured shirt and psychedelic tie for the concert in 1993, he said he went annually as an anthropological event that values the crowd, which is more important than the music. ?It?s the most diverse crowd in rock. I mean, you see stockbrokers there just to let loose. There?s a positive energy at Dead concerts. They?re all there with one purpose only: to have a good time, without necessarily being New Age or like, say, Ramtha. If you get bored with the music, just look at the audience.? Hmm.

I arrived at the Oakland Coliseum at 6, two hours before showtime, and the parking lot (called the Dead Zone) was quite the scene. Young people raising a finger, saying ?cash for your extra? like a mantra. Another: ?I?ll love you for a ticket.? Everyone was finding their bliss, as heralded by popular meta-philosopher Joseph Campbell. I suddenly realized that some marijuana might enliven the show. I spied a guy in a conservative tie trading dope for tickets. He took cash, too. This was a gen-u-wine hippie bazaar, lined with old VW vans, a cross between Northern California and Marrakesh. Earth types flogging food: burritos, muffins (organic and/or spiked), health food and pizza. Selling acid, selling jewelry, beads, psychedelic baubles, pipes and chillums, selling battery-powered red, white and blue electric yo-yos, ponchos, carpets (magic and/or functional). The legalize-pot folks sold buttons and hemp bags, handing out documents.

Inside the Coliseum, pink signs announced: ?QUEER DEADHEAD VISIBILITY. March in San Francisco?s Gay Freedom Day Parade on June 27 ... We?re organizing a parade contingent of queer Deadheads, with the theme No Time to Hate.?

A sign in the pissoir: ?JUST SAY KNOW!!! ... Operation DEAD END is a DEA codename for a surveillance and sting operation that is aimed at Deadheads at Dead shows. KNOW who you are dealing with ? or don?t deal! ... Be cool, alert, discreet + aware!?

As the music began ? ?the music plays the Dead? was the hype; they were reputed not to follow a set list ? I took a couple of puffs ... and soon ... it seemed ... like I was the only person ... not standing. Everybody was loosening up to the music (first three words: ?We can share ...?) ? with the most frantic dancers in the alcove at the exits, where they couldn?t even see the Dead! Within minutes, I found myself laughing uproariously. I started taking notes ? and soon I saw many Deadheads taking notes, in little books, journals, on matchbook covers, scraps of paper.

The Dead spell set in; couples hugged each other. The band had the technical aspects down to a metaphysical science: soft lights bathed the crowd, in hues of yellows, purples; the circular lasers were tasteful, the kaleidoscopic spots hellishly impressive. The sound quality was the best I?d heard in any arena ? every word, every precious note so clear.

Ol? Jerry Garcia, 50, wore a grey T-shirt, black jogging sweats, and white and Day-Glo pink Nike running shoes. His hair and beard were perfectly silver, shaped just so, as if he could be stamped onto a commemorative coin. They all looked to be in great shape, after all those trips they?d taken.

The music was a blithe mix of country-rock and psychedelic jazz, with a homey feel to it. I took a coupla more puffs and was into the mood. Garcia?s first solo climbed deliberately, slowly, as predictably unpredictable as the curling smoke from my joint.

But ... gradually ... it started to sink in ... like a stone ... that the mid-tempo shuffling was about all there was to this band. Garcia?s solos existed in such suspended animation that they were almost inert. (But maybe that?s the point, I rationalized.) Garcia and Bob Weir?s vocals seemed like caricatures of their own limitations; they strained so hard to hit the right notes that they were virtually expressionless.

Intermission. A guy in a turban shouted: ?Thou shalt not worship anything that?s unchanging. ... Copies of my tapes may be had from the Grateful Dead.? I headed to the merchandise area. The Dead had the most ornate T-shirts in the biz (from $20 to $35), trippy designs with the familiar smiling skull and bones and roses (a cross between psychedelia and Disney). I bought the white Chinese New Year model, figuring it?d look good on a glowing summer-of-love day. (?Wear repeatedly,? the care instructions advised). I bought Grateful Dead Comix ($4.95), authorized and supported by the Dead, featuring sci-fi visions of Dead lore. Inside, there was an ad for The Grateful Dead Movie (?Now you don?t have to leave home to trip out?: $39.95), and another for limited-edition pewter Dead belt buckles, from American Legends Foundry, hand stamped with your personal serial number ($17.50, three for $50).

The second set featured an extended instrumental space piece. It was predictably cosmic, multicultural, into-the-mystic stuff mixed with Star Wars-like flourishes, plenty of New Age and Oriental clich?s; heavier and more profound than Pink Floyd, less industrial than Tangerine Dream, with oodles of sound effects ? voila, the Dead package tour of inner space.

Garcia had recently said his perception was that the Dead was still improving: ?It may be that age will run us off before we get to where we really could go.? Gratefully, the show ended with Knockin? on Heaven?s Door.

I called publicist Dennis McNally (author of a Dead book): ?They?ve never been healthier. Jerry?s working out, watching his diet, working on his smoking. There?s still a lot of untapped potential in this band ... the best potential since I?ve worked with the band over 14 years. I?m not being gushy ? well, maybe I am, but it?s sincere.? He said they merchandise over 100 products, the newest being the Daily Tripper, a personal-planner computer program with drawings by Jerry. ?But we?re nickel-and-dime stuff compared to, say, the Rolling Stones,? he claimed. ?Their fans tend to see them once every three years or so, so they load up on merchandise. Our fans see us three, four times a year, so they?d rather save the money for tickets.?

Regarding critics who went to Dead shows with preconceived notions ? like, it?s hip to trash the Dead: ?A huge chunk of Grateful Dead reviews are written before the critic sees the show, (but) the band are actually much harder on themselves than any critic could be.?

What did he think of the show? ?The spirit was there, the audience was into it, but it wasn?t a particularly good show. They hadn?t played in a while. A-minus instead of A-plus.

Garcia died in 1995. A memorial concert took place at Golden Gate Park. I listened to the remaining Dead live on the radio.

I expanded my jazz listening in Berkeley, hanging out and kibitzing almost daily with Richard Brown at his funky, eponymous record store at the border of Oakland, where I switched to vinyl, including rare deep-groove originals. It was opposite the famed Yoshi?s jazz club, where I saw Little Jimmy Scott ? born with a condition that froze his physical development and gave him an unusually high voice ? deliver the most riveting show I?ve experienced.

Thanks to Kent Nagano conducting the Berkeley Symphony, I also got into classical music in a big way. (Who woulda thunk?) Lithe, with high cheekbones and his trademark long black hair, he cut quite a figure. (He didn?t just stride on stage ? he marched briskly.) At post-concert receptions, changed into faded jeans, he engaged casually with season-ticket subscribers as if they were neighbours. One of the symphony?s patrons, Karen Klaber, publisher of the Berkeley Monthly, introduced us and I wrote two lengthy portraits (for the Monthly and East Bay Express). In 1995, he invited Karen and I to the opening of the postmodern black Lyon opera house; designed to his specifications, it even included little lamps at each seat so listeners could follow the libretto.

Concerning classical music?s place in a rock society, he said: ?Things aren?t helped by the fact that classical music organizations tend to portray themselves as extremely erudite and sort of above the normal. That?s really unfortunate, because it is totally possible to find some part of classical music that you can relate to immediately. As a child you might not like caviar, prefer a Snickers bar instead. Gradually, as an adult, you learn to appreciate tastes in a different way. Not that you taste harder,? he laughed.

?I?m not sure that an entertainment form can grow and mature in the way that listening to a Beethoven symphony can be a really maturing process, as you listen to it as a child, as a teenager, as a young adult and an older adult. You?re having different experiences each time, because the music is sophisticated and complex enough that it speaks on several different layers at the same time.? All that?s required from the listener is to ?become engaged? with the music.

I quickly became engaged with Nagano?s renderings of the music of French composer Olivier Messiaen, with whom Nagano collaborated on several premi?res. It sounded spacier and far more mysterious than, say, Pink Floyd.

Nagano first saw Frank Zappa perform on Johnny Carson?s show, and was turned on by friends to his more complex works. In the early ?80s, he noticed Zappa among Pierre Boulez?s projects for the Ensemble InterContemporain in Paris, and contacted Uncle Frank. Zappa invited Nagano to an L.A. show and gave him some scores, later asking him to conduct the London Symphony Orchestra in a 1983 recording of his works. (He called several composers, conductors and symphonic players, asking if Nagano had the requisite talent.) The result was two albums, London Symphony Orchestra Vols. 1 and 2, that went a long way in putting Zappa ? and Nagano ? on the contemporary classical map.

When Zappa was dying of prostate cancer, in 1993, Nagano prefaced a performance of one of his works by phoning him. ?What are you listening to these days?? he asked. Zappa: ?Well, as you might imagine, Kent, I don?t have a whole lot of time for recreational listening.?

?The real Frank Zappa,? Nagano told me, referencing his ?outrageous? image, ?is really serious, very uncompromising, meticulous, clear thought, and brilliant, just a genius. That?s not an understatement. He has a brilliant mind, brilliant sense of creativity that simply does not stop.?

I would never have dreamed that years after I returned home in 1996, I would be interviewing Nagano in this city, as he took the reins of the Orchestre symphonique de Montr?al and, as he did in Lyon, pressed for a new maison symphonique.

In 1996, during intermission at a double bill in a Berkeley cinema, a girl asked me for a light ? and wound up the evening by kissing me twice, passionately. Carina was an Argentine who drove her Saab super fast. We embarked on a glorious seven-week romance, the soundtrack of which was Portishead?s first album, Dummy, which she said consoled her when she was recuperating from a broken leg. She drove me up winding mountain roads to the telescope at Mount Lick, then ?round midnight inched down that route, car lights off, with only the moon to guide us, while Portishead played spookily in the dead of night.

Needless to say, it became one of my all-time fave albums. It also spurred an interest in electronic pop ? the rich soundscapes of Amon Tobin, the zany paste-up hip-hop pastiche of DJ Shadow, the heady angst of Radiohead, the poetic noise of Tim Hecker.

My fave rave was Goldfrapp, a British band that has never gained much of a foothold in North America. Alternating between ethereal atmospherics and shimmering dance beats, it features the mysteriously sexy Alison Goldfrapp and enigmatic studio whiz Will Gregory. Their debut album, 2000?s Felt Mountain, hooked me from the first weird, wired song, Lovely Head: ?I fool myself to sleep and dream / Nobody?s here / No one but me / So cool / You?re hardly there / Why can?t this be killing you / Frankenstein would want your mind / Your lovely head.? Well, I guess you had to be there.

Sometime in the new millennium, Goldfrapp played the Spectrum. I stood for the entire show. I gazed at Alison, squeezed into a costume that revealed pale British cleavage and luscious legs in fishnet stockings, appearing vulnerable when she tripped over a wire.

Oh, Alison! Alison, I?m here! Just for you ? and the futuristic sounds you represent! I found myself wading into the crowd, toward the stage, transfixed by her spooked beauty ... electric sounds to match ... the unbelievable mystery ... of what ... I don?t know ... the ephemeral power ... of organized sound ... a dream come true ...

Finally, I was a fan again.

rodriguez.music@gmail.com

? Copyright (c) The Montreal Gazette

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Source: http://www.montrealgazette.com/entertainment/music/Juan+Rodriguez+Rock+Roll+Life+Part+sound/8035699/story.html

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Video: Who's the winner in Smith trade?

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Source: http://nbcsports.msnbc.com/id/21134540/vp/50992080#50992080

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Venezuela VP: Chavez'battling for life

A man wearing a handcrafted mask depicting the face of Venezuela's President Hugo Chavez attends an event commemorating the violent street protests of 1989 known as the "Caracazo," in Caracas, Venezuela, Wednesday, Feb. 27, 2013. The wave of the 1989 violent protests, seen by the Chavez government as a "popular uprising," was in response to the economic measures imposed by then PresidentCarlos Andres Perez. (AP Photo/Ariana Cubillos)

A man wearing a handcrafted mask depicting the face of Venezuela's President Hugo Chavez attends an event commemorating the violent street protests of 1989 known as the "Caracazo," in Caracas, Venezuela, Wednesday, Feb. 27, 2013. The wave of the 1989 violent protests, seen by the Chavez government as a "popular uprising," was in response to the economic measures imposed by then PresidentCarlos Andres Perez. (AP Photo/Ariana Cubillos)

A supporter of Venezuela's President Hugo Chavez wears a headband that reads in Spanish "I am Chavez" during a small gathering of supporters near the military hospital in Caracas, Venezuela, Tuesday, Feb. 26, 2013. The government said last week that the country's ailing president was continuing unspecified medical treatments at the military hospital in Caracas. Chavez's sudden return to Venezuela after more than two months of cancer treatments in Cuba has fanned speculation that the president could be preparing to relinquish power and make way for a successor and a new election. (AP Photo/Ariana Cubillos)

Indigenous supporters of Venezuela's President Hugo Chavez dance around a bonfire during a vigil to pray for Chavez as he remains in a hospital undergoing cancer treatment in Caracas, Venezuela, Friday, Feb. 22, 2013. Chavez hasn't been seen since he returned to Venezuela on Monday from Cuba, where for 10 weeks he was recovering and fighting complications following his latest cancer surgery Dec. 11. (AP Photo/Ariana Cubillos)

CARACAS, Venezuela (AP) ? Venezuela's vice president said Thursday that President Hugo Chavez is fighting for his life while he continues to undergo treatment more than two months after his latest cancer surgery.

Vice President Nicolas Maduro said on television that Chavez "is battling there for his health, for his life, and we're accompanying him."

The vice president has used similar phrasing in the past, saying on Dec. 20 that Chavez "is fighting a great battle ... for his life, for his health."

Chavez hasn't spoken publicly since before his latest cancer operation in Cuba on Dec. 11. He returned to Venezuela on Feb. 18, and the government says he has been undergoing more treatment at a military hospital in Caracas.

Maduro also called for Venezuelans to keep praying for Chavez and to remain loyal to the president. He said Chavez's health had suffered because he had dedicated himself "body and soul" to his work as president.

Chavez himself has previously acknowledged that he was neglecting his health in recent years, often staying up late and drinking dozens of cups of coffee a day.

The president has undergone surgeries, chemotherapy and radiation treatments since June 2011, when he first announced his cancer diagnosis. He hasn't specified the type of cancer or the exact location in his pelvic region where his tumors have been removed.

Associated Press

Source: http://hosted2.ap.org/APDEFAULT/cae69a7523db45408eeb2b3a98c0c9c5/Article_2013-02-28-Venezuela-Chavez/id-89d198a36faa4fa19bc18c35e001785e

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Friday, March 1, 2013

Science Explains Why Our Best Ideas Come in the Shower

Science Explains Why Our Best Ideas Come in the ShowerEver wonder why some of your best ideas seem to come out of the blue (while you're in the shower, for example)? Creativity, while seemingly a very vague activity, is actually a distinct process triggered by a few key factors.

Leo Widrich explains the science of creativity on the Buffer blog. Essentially, our brains give us our best ideas when:

  • A lot of dopamine is released in our brains. Triggers like exercising, listening to music, and, yes, taking a warm shower, contribute to increased dopamine flow.
  • We're relaxed. When we have a relaxed state of mind, we're more likely to turn attention inwards, able to make insightful connections. We've seen before how being drunk and sleepy are great for creativity.
  • We're distracted. Distraction gives our brains a break so our subconscious can work on a problem more creatively. (This is similar to John Cleese's advice to let your ideas bake.)

A dopamine high, relaxed state, and distracted mind: No wonder great ideas happen in the shower.

The most important lesson from this is to make sure you have a way to capture your ideas whenever and wherever they happen. If you're a think-in-the-shower kind of person, there's Aqua Notes.

Check out the full post on Buffer for more ideas on how to optimize your creative opportunities. Still not sure when creativity happens most often for you? Here's how to find your creative sweet spot.

Why we have our best ideas in the shower: The science of creativity | Buffer

Photo by Sergey Nivens (Shutterstock)

Source: http://feeds.gawker.com/~r/lifehacker/full/~3/FFPCQJAywaQ/the-science-behind-creative-ideas

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Put an End to Spoiled, Wasted Food with This Handy Chart

Put an End to Spoiled, Wasted Food with This Handy Chart The costs of wasted food go far beyond the money you may have wasted buying something and letting it spoil. We've talked about ways to stop wasting food before, but if all you really need to know is "How long will this stay fresh and how should I store it," this helpful chart will help.

This chart, sent over to us by our friends at Visual.ly, does a great job at listing some common foods and how long they'll stay fresh and safe to eat based on different storage methods (along with a few that you might be tempted to freeze but really shouldn't.) At the bottom the chart goes into detail about the differences between the "sell by," "use by," and "expires on" dates you commonly see on packaging at the store. Put simply, those dates refer to the quality of the food and how often a store should rotate its stock to ensure freshness?it has nothing to do with the safety of the food.

Its also worth noting that while the chart has good data, don't forget to trust your nose?if you've stored your food properly, you can usually beat most expiration dates and keep your food fresher, longer. For another reference, check out previously mentioned Still Tasty and type in the type of food you're curious about. Otherwise, click the chart below to enlarge, or hit the link below to see it at Visual.ly.

The Shelf Life of Food | Visual.ly
Put an End to Spoiled, Wasted Food with This Handy Chart

Source: http://feeds.gawker.com/~r/lifehacker/full/~3/3j2K4XNLYLM/put-an-end-to-spoiled-wasted-food-with-this-handy-chart

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Canada minister doesn't expect U.S. to veto Keystone pipeline

OTTAWA (Reuters) - Canadian Natural Resources Minister Joe Oliver said on Thursday he does not expect the United States to reject TransCanada Corp's proposed Keystone XL pipeline from the Alberta oil sands to Texas.

U.S. officials say they expect the government to make a final decision by the middle of the year. Green groups strongly oppose the pipeline, which they say will help boost global warming, and want President Barack Obama to block the project.

"I remain cautiously optimistic," Oliver told reporters. Canada's Conservative government, which wants Washington to approve Keystone XL, also backs industry proposals for pipelines running from the oil sands to the Pacific and Atlantic coasts.

Asked about the effects of a U.S. veto, he replied: "That rejection, which I do not anticipate, would give even more impetus for us to move west, to move east ... but we're not anticipating that result."

Environmentalists oppose Keystone XL because production of oil sands crude is carbon intensive. U.S. labor leaders support the pipeline for the jobs it would generate.

The Canadian government rejects the idea that developing the oil sands would cause emissions of greenhouse gases to spike. Ministers say Canada is in some ways doing more than the United States to fight global warming.

(Reporting by Randall Palmer; Writing by David Ljunggren; Editing by Vicki Allen; and Peter Galloway)

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/canada-doesnt-expect-u-veto-keystone-pipeline-minister-145242147--finance.html

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Without a pope, who's running the Catholic Church?

Alessandro Bianchi / Reuters file

Cardinal Tarcisio Bertone, the cardinal chamberlain, or camerlengo, will officially be in charge of Vatican affairs until a new pope is elected.

By M. Alex Johnson, staff writer, NBC News

With Benedict XVI's abdication taking effect Thursday, the Roman Catholic Church has no pope until the conclave of cardinals settles on a new one. Like many other procedures of the church, the rules for running the institution during this period are ancient and little-known. Here are answers to questions you might have about exactly what happens when the papacy changes hands:

Who's in charge now?
When a monarch leaves, the period before the new king or queen takes over is called an interregnum. In the Roman Catholic Church, it's called a sede vacante (or "empty seat"). The Cardinal Chamberlain, or Camerlengo ? currently Vatican Secretary of State Tarcisio Bertone ? is in charge of running the church, working with three cardinal assistants who are chosen at random and are replaced every three days.


Why did the pope use a helicopter?
Benedict headed off to a temporary retirement home at Castel Gandolfo, the summer papal retreat, while his permanent home on the Vatican grounds is renovated. To get there, he took a helicopter. Pope Paul VI started the tradition in 1975 purely for practical reasons: The ancient Appian Way ? the only way to get there by car ? is narrow and a traffic nightmare.

Benedict has a pilot's license, and he's been known to fly the chopper himself on visits to Castel Gandolfo. That didn't happen this time.

Who's going with him?
Benedict's private secretary, Archbishop Georg G?nswein, accompanies him to Castel Gandolfo and will continue as head of his household. At the same time, he'll continue to play an important role in the affairs of the new pope, an arrangement that has raised questions about the possible division of his loyalties. (As in all other matters, of course, the new pope could reassign G?nswein for any reason.)

The Catholic Church has been plagued by scandal in recent years, from sexual abuse charges to allegations of financial mismanagement. Now that Pope Benedict has stepped down, he has left serious, unsolved problems for the next Church leader. NBC's Keir Simmons reports.

Watch World News videos on NBCNews.com

Federico Lombardi, the Vatican's spokesman, said the arrangement was likely chosen for the sake of simplicity.

"I believe it was well thought out," he said.

Not staying with Benedict are the famous Swiss Guards. Regular Vatican police now are responsible for his security.

Why isn't Benedict going back to being a cardinal?
There's no modern precedent for what to do with a living ex-pope, so the Vatican has essentially been making new procedures on the fly.?

According to the Vatican's Code of Canon Law, "cardinal" isn't actually a job. It's an honor bestowed upon a bishop or archbishop, which remains his formal job. When Joseph Ratzinger became Pope Benedict XVI, he ceased being a cardinal and assumed the duties of bishop of Rome. The new pope takes on that title. Hence the Vatican's decision to bestow upon Benedict the unprecedented honorific of "pope emeritus."

Does he get to keep the robe?
Yes, but not the red shoes or the ornamental fur fringe. Those are reserved for the active pope.?

As Benedict XVI's papacy came to a close, focus turned to the cardinals entrusted to elect the next leader of the church. NBC's Anne Thompson reports.

Although it's been widely reported that the red "shoes of the fisherman" are made by Prada, they're not, the Vatican says. They're made by the pope's personal cobbler. ("The Pope, in summary, does not wear Prada, but Christ," it said.) Regardless, they're still quite eye-catching: In 2007, Esquire listed Benedict among the world's best-dressed men ? mainly for his red shoes. "The point is: Have a signature," it said.

Benedict also relinquished the gold "ring of the fisherman," which is personally made for every pope. In accordance with tradition, it's to be smashed with a silver hammer by Bertoni, the camerlengo, to keep it from being used to forge documents. Benedict's personal seal will be broken for the same reason.

What happens to @Pontifex?
Benedict was the first wired pope ? the first to have an iPod, the first to have a cellphone (it's engraved with his coat of arms, the Vatican says) and the first to have a Twitter account.

This was Benedict's final tweet Thursday (because the account was wiped clean in preparation for its next user, there's no link):

Lombardi, the Vatican spokesman, said the @Pontifex handle will be turned over to the next pope, who may do with it whatever he pleases.

How do they make the black and white smoke?
Short answer: with difficulty.

After each vote of the papal conclave, the cardinals' ballots are burned. If the vote produces a new pope, the ballots are burned alone, which is supposed to produce a white smoke. If the vote's unsuccessful, a chemical compound is added that's supposed to turn the smoke black.

The official Vatican history says that traditionally, wet straw was used to produce black smoke, but that produced too many false alarms during the election of Pope John XXIII in 1958, so in 1963, the Vatican turned to science.?

(Covering the gray-smoke mixup in 1958, The Associated Press wrote: "So great was the confusion on that Sunday ? there were two false alarms ? that conclave marshal Sigismondo Chigi told reporters he would have the cardinals briefed 'in the hope that something can be done to remedy the situation Monday.'" The Vatican says it will also ring bells this time to make it clearer when a new pope is chosen.)?

Does the pope have to take a new name?
Not necessarily; it's an ancient tradition, not a law. Until 533, popes used their own names. But that year, a priest named Mercurius of Rome was elected. He was named for the Roman god Mercury, which was ?obviously inappropriate for the leader of the Christian church, so he took the name John II. (The Catholic Encyclopedia notes that "the basilica of St. Clement still retains several memorials of 'Johannes surnamed Mercurius.'")

Almost every pope since then has adopted a so-called regnal name.

Lou Dubois and Mary Lou Ahern of NBC News contributed to this report.

Related:

Source: http://worldnews.nbcnews.com/_news/2013/02/28/17134063-without-a-pope-whos-running-the-catholic-church?lite

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